STATE  OF  NEW-YORK. 


No.  42. 


IN  SENATE, 

February  3,  1844* 


REPORT 

Of  the  Select  Committee,  on  so  much  of  the  Gover- 
nor's Message  as  relates  to  the  Colonial  History  of 
the  State. 

Mr.  Lawrence,  from  the  select  committee,  to  which  was  referred 
that  portion  of  the  Governor's  message  which  relates  to  our  colonial 
history  has  had  the  same  under  consideration,  and  asks  leave  to 
present  the  following 

REPORT: 

The  committee  find  that  a  law  was  passed  on  the  2d  day  of  May, 
1839,  authorizing  the  Governor  and  Senate  to  appoint  an  agent  to 
visit  England,  Holland  and  France,  for  the  purpose  of  £<  procuring 
the  originals,  or  copies  of  all  such  documents  and  papers  in  the 
archives  and  offices  of  those  governments,  relating  to,  or  in  any  way 
affecting  the  colonial  history  of  our  State." 

Four  thousand' dollars  were  at  the  same  time  appropriated  for  de- 
fraying the  expenses  of  the  agency. 

J.  R.  Broadhead,  Esq.,  was  subsequently  appointed  and  entered 
upon  the  duties  of  this  agency. 

On  the  11th  of  April,  1842,  the  further  sum  of  three  thousand 
dollars  was  appropriated  by  law  for  the  purpose  of  prosecuting  the 
business  of  this  agency. 

[Senate  No.  42.]  1  (5t.) 


2  [Senate 

It  was  then  hoped  that  this  appropriation  would  bring  this  con- 
cern to  a  close;  but  such  was  not  the  fact.  The  committee  find  that 
on  the  13th  day  of  April,  1843,  a  further  appropriation  of  $5,000 
was  made  by  the  Legislature,  to  M  defray  the  expenses  attendant 
upon  this  agency,"  making  in  all,  twelve  thousand  dollars,  which 
have  been  drawn  from  the  treasury. 

The  committee  have  also  been  advised  that  a  further  appropriation 
will  be  necessary  to  complete  the  work  of  this  agent,  who  is  still 
abroad  pursuing  his  researches  among  the  rubbish  of  European  manu- 
scripts. 

Under  these  circumstances,  the  committee  have  felt  it  their  duty 
to  examine  very  minutely  into  the  affair  of  this  agency,  which  has 
drawn  so  liberally  upon  the  public  treasury,  and  whose  wants  seem 
not  yet  fully  satisfied. 

The  committee  find  deposited  in  the  office  of  the  Secretary  of  State, 
sixteen  volumes  of  manuscripts,  procured  in  Holland  by  Mr.  Broad- 
head.  They  are  principally  written  in  the  language  of  that  country, 
interspersed,  however,  with  French. 

These  volumes  contain  4,722  pages  of  matter,  such  as  it  is.  A 
very  large  proportion  of  these  pages  are  blank  paper. 

In  many  cases  all  the  written  matter  on  the  page  would  not  make 
more  than  a  square  of  printed  matter  in  the  columns  of  a  newspa- 
per; other  pages  are  half  occupied,  and  others  filled. 

These  volumes  are  well  bound  in  calf;  the  workmanship  of  which 
is  a  credit  to  the  mechanical  genius  of  the  country  from  whence  they 
came. 

Your  committee  have  examined,  with  some  care,  and  w  ith  the  aid 
of  an  interpreter,  these  Dutch  manuscripts,  and  they  very  much 
regret  to  be  compelled  to  say  that  they  find  in  them  a  large  propor- 
tion of  materials  perfectly  useless  to  this  country  or  any  other. 

The  committee  have  caused  several  chapters  to  be  translated  into 
English,  which  they  will  give  as  specimens  of  the  importance  of  at 
least  a  very  large  proportion  of  these  volumes. 


No.  42.] 


3 


Occasionally  may  be  found  a  document  which  appears  to  be  of 
some  value  as  illustrative  of  our  early  history:  but  even  many  of 
these  have  long  since  been  well  known  and  understood  from  the  dif- 
ferent histories  of  our  country. 

For  instance,  a  long  and  particular  description  of  the  natives,  as 
they  appeared  when  our  Dutch  forefathers  first  landed  at  New-York. 

On  looking  over  the  first  volume,  the  committee  find  eighteen 
chapters  devoted  to  a  Capt.  Dale,  who,  it  seems,  was  a  Dutch  captain 
in  the  service  of  the  States  General,  and  who,  at  the  request  of  the 
English  monarch,  was  permitted  to  go  to  Virginia  in  the  English 
service  for  a  certain  period,  and  providing  that  his  pay  should  cease 
during  his  absence. 

What  connection  these  eighteen  manuscripts  have  with  our  aCol- 
lonial  History,"  the  committee  have  not  been  able  to  discover. 

Their  frivolous  character  ought  to  have  excluded  them,  had  they 
been  connected  with  our  history,  as  the  Senate  will  see  from  the  spe- 
cimens here  presented. 

On  page  4,  vol.  I,  may  be  found  the  following: 

"  In  reference  to  the  petition  of  Capt.  Thomas  Dale,  it  is  Resolved, 
That  the  petitioner  be  discharged  from  his  office:  that  his  account 
shall  be  paid,  and  also  that  his  representations  concerning  the  eight 
soldiers,  who,  since  his  absence,  have  been  sick,  shall  be  considered 
with  indulgence." — [Copy  of  the  Register  of  resolutions  of  the  States 
General,  remaining  in  the  Royal  Archives  at  the  Hague,  dated  De- 
cember 8,  1603." 

On  the  4th  page,  volume  I: — u  By  this  register  it  is  clearly  evi- 
dent that  Thomas  Dale  and  Thomas  Gates,  on  the  15th  November, 
1606,  were  together  in  garrison  in  the  city  of  Oudewater,  being  a 
small  city  in  the  south  of  Holland,  situated  on  the  river  Yssel." — 
From  the  original  Register  in  the  Lias,  entitled  Events  of  Nov.  and 
Dec,  1606,  remaining  in  the  Royal  Archives  at  the  Hague,  dated 
Nov.  15,  1606." 

The  fact  that  these  two  Dutch  officers  were  in  garrison  together  in 
a  small  city  in  South  Holland  in  1606,  must  be  an  important  matter 
to  this  country  certainly. 


4  [Senate 

On  the  next  page,  we  find  a  further  account  of  Capt.  Gates,  as 
follows:  "  In  reference  to  the  petition  of  Thomas  Gates,  captain  of 
a  company  of  English  soldiers,  he  being  commissioned  by  the  king  of 
Great  Britain  to  serve  with  his  company,  and  with  three  other  offi- 
cers in  Virginia,  Resolved,  That  permission  be  hereby  given  to  the 
petitioner  to  absent  himself  from  his  present  duty  for  the  space  of 
one  year,  on  condition  that  he  substitute  in  his  place  other  good  offi- 
cers and  soldiers  with  which  this  government  are  satisfied." — [Copy  of 
the  Register  of  resolutions  of  the  States  General,  remaining  in  the 
Royal  Archives  at  the  Hague,  dated  April  24,  1608. 

On  the  155th,  page  of  volume  I,  may  be  found  the  following: 

u  High  and  Mighty  Lords  I  at  the  Hague: 

"  Yesterday  arrived  the  vessel  the  '  Arms  of  Amsterdam:'  she 
left  New-Netherlands  on  the  23d  of  Sept.  from  the  river  Mauritius, 
bringing  advices  that  our  people  there  live  wisely  and  peacefully. 
Their  wives  also  bear  children,  and  they  have  bought  the  island  of 
Manhattan  from  the  savages  for  the  sum  of  sixty  guilders.  They 
have  already  sowed  grain  in  the  middle  of  May  and  gathered  it  in 
the  middle  of  the  month  of  August,  and  the  samples  I  send  you  are 
taken  from  the  harvest  of  wheat,  rye,  barley,  oats,  buck-wheat, 
canary  seed,  beans  and  flax. 

"  The  cargo  of  the  above  mentioned  vessel  consists  of  7,246  beaver 
skins;  850  otter  skins;  34  little  rat  skins;  a  great  many  oak  caulkins 
and  nut  trees. 

"P.  SCHAGEN. 
u  Amsterdam,  Nov.  5,  1626." — [Copy  of  the  original  remaining 
in  the  Royal  Archives  at  the  Hague?1 

This  document  no  doubt  was  interesting  to  the  honest  denizens  of 
Holland,  whose  sons  and  daughters  had  emigrated  to  the  new  coun- 
try. 

It  brought  them  the  important  intelligence  that  children  could  be 
raised  in  the  new  world,  and  that  the  earth  produced  abundance  to 
sustain  them. 

They  must  have  been  gratified  also  to  know  that  their  descendants 
in  the  New-World  wTere  disposed  to  obey  the  command  of  the  great 
lawT  giver,  when  he  said  "  be  fruitful  and  multiply  and  replenish  the 


*  No.  42.] 


5 


earth;"  and  it  may  perhaps  be  well  enough  to  perpetuate  this  infor- 
mation in  our  archives  for  the  benefit  of  future  generations. 

The  Xth.  volume  contains  some  documents  which  relate  to  the 
surrender  of  the  New-Netherlands  to  the  English;  but  very  little, 
however,  but  what  is  perfectly  familiar  to  every  school  boy. 

The  residue  is  of  a  similar  character  with  the  great  mass  of  these 
volumes.  A  specimen  of  this  branch  of  the  records  will  be  here 
given  from  volume  13,  page  132: 

£C  Letter  of  the  Commissioner  Bourse  at  Vlissengen  to  the  High  and 
Mighty  Lords  at  the  Hague: 

"  To-day  Commander  Cruyssen  has  arrived  here  with  the 
troops  under  his  command,  from  whom  we  learn  that  Com- 
mander Cruyssen,  after  the  battle  with  the  French  against  the 
English  under  the  command  of  Nevis,  sailed  for  Virginia,  where 
he  attacked,  in  the  river  James,  twenty-six  English  vessels,  most  of 
which  were  fully  laden,  amongst  which  was  one  royal  ship  of  forty- 
six  guns;  that  he  had  conquered  them  all  without  the  escape  of  one; 
but  not  being  able  to  man  them  all  he  destroyed  most  of  them  be- 
setting fire  to  them,  or  by  sinking  them,  carrying  with  him  eleven 
vessels  loaded  with  Virginia  tobacco;  in  consequence  of  which  they 
can,  in  England,  not  expect  any  squadron  from  Virginia,  as  it  has 
been  taken  and  destroyed,  or  brought  well  into  Zealand. 
"  Vlissingen,  23d  August,  1667." 

Resolution  of  the  States  General  on  the  foregoing  letter. 

After  reciting  the  said  letter,  it  says:  "After  deliberation,  it  was 
Resolved,  That  the  Admiralty  in  Zealand  shall  be  ordered  to  send, 
in  the  speediest  manner,  to  the  high  and  mighty  lords,  a  detailed  re- 
port of  the  capture  of  the  said  vssels;  also  a  list  of  the  vessels  and 
their  cargoes  laden  in  them,  by  the  above  mentioned  Commander 
Cruyssen." 

On  the  next  page  an  order  is  entered  which  reads  thus: 

"  Now  by  these  presents  we  strongly  enjoin  upon  you  to  send  to 
us  in  the  most  speedy  manner,  a  detailed  report  of  the  said  capture; 
also  a  particular  list  of  the  vessels  and  cargoes  taken  in  by  comman- 
der Cruyssen. — Hague,  30M.  August ,  1667." 


6  [Senate 
Volume  XV,  page  11.  The  contents  of  the  page  are  as  follows: 

"  Upon  the  petition  of  the  directors  of  the  colony  in  New  Nether- 
lands, for  a  subsidy  of  ten  thousand  guilders  for  the  promotion  of 
that  colony ;  it  is  resolved  that  ten  thousand  guilders  shall  be  paid  to 
her  out  of  the  Orphan  Cass,  as  formerly  has  been  done. — Dated  \bth 
January,  1657." 

Many  pages  in  this  volume  are  filled  with  similar  extracts,  and  about 
this  length.  The  committee  find  transcribed  into  one  of  these  vo- 
lumes, a  long  account  occupying  many  pages,  which  appears  to  be 
nothing  more  than  monthly  payments  to  the  officers  and  others  at- 
tached to  the  colony. 

In  vol.  XV,  page  117,  is  the  following  document: 

"  The  Burgomasters  and  Governors  of  the  city  of  Amsterdam,  au- 
thorize by  this,  the  directors  of  the  Exchange  Bank  to  pay  to  Mr. 
Johan  Berkel,  receiver-general  of  Holland,  the  sum  of  50,000  guild- 
ers, for  the  support  of  the  suppressed  Waldenses." 

118th  page  is  the  following  extract: 

u  The  Burgomasters  and  Governors  of  Amsterdam  authorize  by 
this,  the  directors  of  the  Exchange  Bank  of  this  city,  to  pay  Mr. 
Johan  Berkel,  receiver-general  of  Holland  and  West  Friesland,  the 
sum  of  17,566  guilders  for  the  use  of  the  suppressed  Waldenses. — 
Dated  Mh  April,  1659. 

These  documents  show  a  national  sympathy  manifested  in  a  most 
satisfactory  manner,  for  the  persecuted  and  distressed  Waldenses,  and 
is  certainly  worthy  of  all  praise. 

But  has  not  this  been  well  known  for  ages?  And  what  has  this  to 
do  with  our  Colonial  History  ? 

The  committee  wTill  close  these  selections  with  a  single  additional 
document.    Vol.  I,  page  159. 

"  The  last  letters  from  New  Netherlands,  bring  a  report  that  the 
people  are  menaced  there  by  the  English  from  New  Plymouth,  (not- 
withstanding all  the  kindness  our  people  have  shown  them);  they 
threaten  to  drive  them  away  and  molest  them  in  their  possessions  and 
little  colony.    Therefore  they  request  an  assistance  of  40  soldiers, 


No.  42.J 


7 


but  would  be  glad  to  settle  their  troubles  in  a  friendly  manner. — Da- 
ted Nov.  16,  1627. 

This  relates  to  New  Netherlands,  but  is  there  any  thing  new  dis- 
closed: and  we  might  repeat  the  inquiry  at  the  close  of  a  large  share 
of  these  documents,  which  relate  to  the  colony.  If  the  object  was, 
in  creating  this  agency,  to  obtain  specimens  of  the  compositions  of 
those  days,  perhaps  that  object  has  been  attained. 

But  such  specimens  already  existed  in  our  own  archives,  and  some 
of  these  very  documents  which  have  been  procured  at  an  enormous 
price,  have  for  ages  slumbered  upon  our  own  shelves,  as  the  commit- 
tee are  informed. 

To  what  extent  this  is  the  fact,  the  committee  have  not  had  the 
time  or  disposition  to  ascertain  for  a  certainty. 

As  specimens  of  ancient  composition,  certainly  they  can  have  no 
preference  over  those  which  were  at  the  same  time  made  on  this  side 
the  Atlantic. 

As  a  collection  of  documents,  designed  to  perpetuate  and  preserve 
valuable  information,  for  the  benefit  of  future  generations,  the  com- 
mittee must  say  that  they  are  of  trifling  value,  compared  with  the 
enormous  price  at  which  they  have  been  procured. 

The  committee  have  been  kindly  furnished  with  a  letter  from  Mr. 
Broadhead,  dated  at  Paris,  Dec.  1,  1843,  by  his  excellency  the  Go- 
vernor, which  exhibits  the  present  state  and  future  wants  of  the  agency. 

He  states  that  the  documents  from  France,  will  consist  of  about 
20  volumes  of  the  size  of  the  u  Holland  documents,"  now  in  the 
Secretary's  office.  He  says  also  that  the  transcribing  of  documents 
selected  in  England  is  going  on,  and  thinks  they  will  amount  to  50 
volumes,  making  in  all  from  the  three  countries  86  volumes,  and  con- 
siders them  all  together  an  "invaluable"  collection  of  u  historical 
memorials 

He  expresses  the  hope  that  he  shall  be  able  to  return  to  the  United 
States,  with  this  "invaluable"  literary  treasure,  in  the  course  of  the 
coming  spring. 


8  f  Senate 

He  thinks  the  appropriation  of  $5,000  made  last,  will  not  be  suf- 
ficient to  close  the  expense  of  copying,  &c.  in  Europe,  and  estimates 
the  deficiency  at  $500,  which  he  proposes  to  advance,  and  wait  his 
return  to  this  country  for  a  final  settlement  of  his  accounts. 

He  says  this  estimate  does  not  include  the  cost  of  insuring  the  docu- 
ments, for  shipment  to  America,  binding,  and  arranging  them  into 
volumes,  &c.  &c. 

In  closing  this  letter  he  says: 

"It  will  be  necessary  that  these  documents  should  be  most  care- 
fully arranged,  in  proper  chronological  order,  indexed  and  bound  into 
volumes." 

This  he  says  "  will  be  a  work  requiring  time  and  the  greatest  care 
and  accuracy  in  its  execution,"  and  suggests  "whether  it  would  not 
be  expedient  that  a  proper  provision  be  forthwith  made,  in  order  that 
there  may  be  no  unnecessary  delay,  in  putting  these  important  papers 
in  a  state  of  permanent  and  general  usefulness." 

The  public  will  doubtless  be  glad  to  learn  how  this  matter  stands 
in  a  financial  point  of  view.^ 

The  amount  of  appropriations  already  made  is  $12,000.  Defici- 
ency of  expenses  in  Europe,  as  estimated  by  the  agent,  $500.  The 
committee  have  no  means  of  ascertaining  what  it  will  cost  to  finish 
the  work,  as  described  by  the  agent;  but,  as  he  says  it  must  be  a 
work  of  time  and  immense  labor,  to  arrange  and  prepare  for  binding 
this  mass  of  manuscripts,  sufficient  for  70  volumes,  and  write  out 
separate  indexes  for  every  volume,'  catalogues,  binding,  &c,  if  we 
get  off  with  an  additional  sum  of  $2,000,  it  will  be  quite  as  well  as 
the  committee  expect.  This  will  make  in  all,  $14,500;  and  if  the 
estimate  of  the  agent  for  his  own  claims,  should  be  found  too  low, 
which  is  quite  usual  in  such  cases,  it  might  be  put  down  in  round 
numbers,  at  $15,000;  which,  divided  by  S6,  the  number  of  volumes, 
will  give  $174.42  as  the  cost  per  volume  for  this  work. 

Now  when  this  is  considered,  in  connection  with  the  fact  that  all 
the  matter  contained  in  these  86  volumes,  if  printed  on  the  same  sized 
paper,  would  not  fill  over  20  volumes  (if  the  Holland  documents  are 
a  fair  sample),  and  that  a  large  proportion  of  these  are  frivolous  or 


I 


No.  42.]  9 

worthless  matter,  we  must  say  with  Franklin,  that  this  is  paying  rather 
"  dear  for  the  whistle." 

The  committee  indulge  the  hope,  that  the  documents  from  France 
and  England  will  be  found  more  valuable..  If  it  should  prove  other- 
wise, the  State  will  receive  a  very  trifling  equivalent  for  this  outlay 
of  the  public  funds;  it  will  be  in  time  to  speak  of  their  merits 
when  they  shall  be  examined;  the  committee  have  no  wish  to  pre- 
judge this  part  of  the  subject  matter;  this  whole  project  ought 
perhaps  to  be  regarded  with  some  degree  of  indulgence,  on  account  of 
the  peculiar  state  of  the  times  in  which  it  originated. 

A  unew  impulse"  had  spread  itself  over  the  State.  We  were  then 
just  emerging  from  our  "  shell;"  regaining  ura?ik  and  caste"  by  fol- 
lowing in  the  wake  of  Pennsylvania,  Indiana,  Mississippi  and  other 
States,  who  were  held  up  to  us  as  models  worthy  of  imitation;  our 
means  were  supposed  to  be  inexhaustible.  It  was  said  that  we  could 
safely  contract  a  debt  of  from  40  to  $50,000,000.  A  ship  canal  was 
talked  of,  from  the  Hudson  to  the  great  lakes;  a  splendid  enlarge- 
ment substituted,  to  cost  from  20  to  $30,000,000.  Works  of  inter- 
nal improvement  were  planned  and  recommended,  which  would  re- 
quire an  outlay  of  from  150  to  $200,000,000;  every  section  of  the 
State  expected  a  canal  or  rail-road;  real  and  personal  estate  became 
inflated  with  a  fictitious  value;  cities  and  villages  sprung  up  like 
Jonah's  gourd;  new  plans  and  schemes  were  devised  for  the  pur- 
pose of  "  developing  our  resources."  Inexhaustible  riches  were  sup- 
posed to  be  concealed  in  our  forests  and  in  our  fields;  mineralogists, 
botanists,  geologists,  &c.  &c,  were  paid  enormous  salaries,  to  scour 
our  fields  and  our  woods  for  this  noble  purpose;  the  ingenuity  of 
the  most  ingenious  was  put  in  requisition,  to  find  out  and  bring  for- 
ward new  projects  to  engulph  the  funds  of  the  State;  a  perfect  mania 
seemed  to  have  spread  over  the  country,  affecting  alike  the  Govern- 
ment and  the  governed,  in  those  days.    •  ' 

In  looking  back  upon  the  past,  we  are  surprised  and  astonished  at 
the  wild  and  visionary  projects,  which  were  then  found  floating  in 
the  imagination  of  those,  to  whom  the  people  were  accustomed  to 
look  for  safe  and  prudent  counsel. 

Nothing  since  the  days  of  John  Law,  and  his  celebrated  Mississippi 
scheme  in  France,  in  the  commencement  of  the  17th  century,  has 
[Senate  No.  42.]  2 


10  [Senate 

equalled  this  bubble,  which  was  blown  to  its  utmost  capacity  in  1839 
and  1840,  and  which  burst  with  such  tremendous  effect  in  1841. 

Under  such  a  state  of  things,  it  is  not  surprising  that  many  pro" 
jects  should  have  been  undertaken,  which  were  totally  useless;  not 
only  useless  but  ruinous. 

It  was  considered  sound  and  discreet  legislation  in  those  days,  to 
purchase  a  canal  upon  which  the  owners  were  losing  §4,000  per 
annum,  and  promise  to  pay  for  the  same,  §50,000  in  5  per  cent,  stock, 
haying  ten  years  to  run;  thus  drawing  from  the  pockets  of  the  people 
s75,000,  for  a  work  upon  which  we  are  losing  annually  over  §4,000, 
including  the  interest. 

Numerous  instances  might  be  cited  of  a  similar  character,  which 
illustrate  the  character  of  the  legislation  of  those  days;  but  this  must 
suffice. 

This  agency  of  which  your  committee  are  treating,  had  its  origin 
in  those  halcyon  days;  and  will,  as  is  believed,  end  about  as  usefully 
to  the  State,  as  others  of  the  same  brotherhood. 

The  committee  wish  here  to  be  distinctly  understood.  They  do 
not  charge  this  extraordinary  state  of  things,  exclusively  to  any  party. 
It  was  a  peculiarity  of  the  times,  and  all  parties,  to  a  greater  or  less 
extent,  participated  in  it. 

The  precise  ratio  chargeable  to  each,  is  a  question  which  would  be 
•improper  to  be  discussed,  in  a  document  like  this.  We  leave  that 
to  be  settled  by  the  politician.  But  we  conceive  it  a  fit  subject  to  al- 
lude to,  and  to  be  held  up  and  exposed  to  the  public,  as  a  beacon  to 
warn  us  against  running  the  ship  of  State  upon  the  same  breakers 
again. 

In  this  point  of  view,  it  may  be  useful  to  recur  to  it,  especially 
when  we  find  the  propriety  of  returning  to  this  system  boldly  advo- 
cated, and  the  §700,000,000  of  private  property  in  our  State,  con- 
sidered and  treated  as  a  fund  which  may  be  drawn  upon,  to  carry 
out  these  splendid  schemes. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  we  shall  profit  by  the  past,  and  learn  wisdom 
from  experience,  even  if  it  be  at  a  dear  rate. 


No.  42.] 


11 


It  appears  from  the  communication  of  Mr.  Broadhead,  already 
alluded  to,  that  he  does  not  expect  any  further  appropriation  the 
present  session,  for  his  own  services. 

And  inasmuch  as  there  is  an  uncertainty  whether  the  manuscripts 
in  his  possession,  and  which  are  yet  to  be  transcribed,  will  reach  this 
country  much  before  the  next  session  of  the  Legislature,  the  com- 
mittee think  the  whole  subject  had  better  rest  until  then. 

The  collections  from  France  and  England,  can  then  be  examined 
by  an  appropriate  committee,  and  the  proper  and  necessary  action 
can  then  be  had,  in  relation  to  the  final  closing  up  of  this  concern. 

The  committee  recommend  the  adoption  of  the  following  resolu- 
tion: 

Resolved,  That  no  action  is  necessary  on  this  subject  at  the  pre- 
sent session  of  the  Legislature. 


Avery  Architectural  and  Fine  Arts  Library 
Gift  of  Seymour  B.  Durst  Old  York  Library 


lEx  ICtbrtfi 


SEYMOUR  DURST 


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